下载 Swift

版本

Swift 5.8.1

日期：2023 年 6 月 1 日
Tag: swift-5.8.1-RELEASE

¹ Swift 5.8.1 is available as part of Xcode 14.3.1.
² Swift 5.8.1 Windows 10 toolchain is provided by Saleem Abdulrasool. Saleem is the platform champion for the Windows port of Swift and this is an official build from the Swift project.

RPM

Use the instructions below for RPM installation:

Amazon Linux 2

$ curl https://download.swift.org/experimental-use-only/repo/amazonlinux/releases/2/swiftlang.repo > /etc/yum.repos.d/swiftlang.repo
$ amazon-linux-extras install epel
$ yum install swiftlang

CentOS 7

$ curl https://download.swift.org/experimental-use-only/repo/centos/releases/7/swiftlang.repo > /etc/yum.repos.d/swiftlang.repo
$ yum install epel-release
$ yum install swiftlang

Snapshots

Trunk Development (main)

Development Snapshots are prebuilt binaries that are automatically created from mainline development branches. These snapshots are not official releases. They have gone through automated unit testing, but they have not gone through the full testing that is performed for official releases.

¹ Swift Windows 10 toolchain is provided by Saleem Abdulrasool. Saleem is the platform champion for the Windows port of Swift and this is an official build from the Swift project.

Swift 5.9 Development

Swift 5.9 Snapshots are prebuilt binaries that are automatically created from release/5.9 branch. These snapshots are not official releases. They have gone through automated unit testing, but they have not gone through the full testing that is performed for official releases.

¹ Swift Windows 10 toolchain is provided by Saleem Abdulrasool. Saleem is the platform champion for the Windows port of Swift and this is an official build from the Swift project.

Swift 5.8 Development

Swift 5.8 Snapshots are prebuilt binaries that are automatically created from release/5.8 branch. These snapshots are not official releases. They have gone through automated unit testing, but they have not gone through the full testing that is performed for official releases.

¹ Swift Windows 10 toolchain is provided by Saleem Abdulrasool. Saleem is the platform champion for the Windows port of Swift and this is an official build from the Swift project.

Swift is covered by the Swift License at swift.org/LICENSE.txt.

Using Downloads

Apple Platforms

Xcode includes a release of Swift that is supported by Apple. You can try out a version that is still in development by downloading one of the packages above.

Requirements for Tools

Swift 5.1

• macOS 10.14.6
• Xcode 11 or later

Swift 5.0

• macOS 10.14.4
• Xcode 10.2

Swift 4.2

• macOS 10.13.6
• Xcode 10.0

Swift 4.1

• macOS 10.13.2
• Xcode 9.3 - 9.4

Swift 4.0

• macOS 10.13.2
• Xcode 9.0 - 9.2

Swift 3.1

• macOS 10.11.5
• Xcode 8.3 - 8.3.3

Swift 3.0

• macOS 10.11.5
• Xcode 8.0 - 8.2

Swift 2.2.x

• macOS 10.11
• Xcode 7.2 - 7.3

Supported Target Platforms

• macOS 10.9.0 or later
• iOS 7.0 or later
• watchOS 2.0 or later
• tvOS 9.0 or later

Installation

1. Download a snapshot or release package. Make sure that your system meets the aforecited requirements for this package.

2. Run the package installer, which will install an Xcode toolchain into /Library/Developer/Toolchains/.

   An Xcode toolchain (.xctoolchain) includes a copy of the compiler, LLDB, and other related tools needed to provide a cohesive development experience for working in a specific version of Swift.

• To select the installed toolchain in Xcode, navigate to Xcode > Toolchains.

  Xcode uses the selected toolchain for building Swift code, debugging, and even code completion and syntax coloring. You’ll see a new toolchain indicator in Xcode’s toolbar when Xcode is using an installed toolchain. Select the default toolchain to go back to Xcode’s built-in tools.

• Selecting a toolchain in Xcode affects the IDE only. To use the installed toolchain with

  • xcrun, pass the --toolchain swift option. For example:

    xcrun --toolchain swift swift --version
    

  • xcodebuild, pass the -toolchain swift option.

  Alternatively, you may select the toolchain on the command line by exporting the TOOLCHAINS environment variable as follows:

  export TOOLCHAINS=$(plutil -extract CFBundleIdentifier raw /Library/Developer/Toolchains/<toolchain name>.xctoolchain/Info.plist)
  

Code Signing on macOS

The macOS .pkg files are digitally signed by the developer ID of the Swift open source project to allow verification that they have not been tampered with. All binaries in the package are signed as well.

The Swift toolchain installer on macOS should display a lock icon on the right side of the title bar. Clicking the lock brings up detailed information about the signature. The signature should be produced by Developer ID Installer: Swift Open Source (V9AUD2URP3).

Linux

Packages for Linux are tar archives including a copy of the Swift compiler, lldb, and related tools. You can install them anywhere as long as the extracted tools are in your PATH.

Note that nothing prevents Swift from being ported to other Linux distributions beyond the ones mentioned below. These are only the distributions where these binaries have been built and tested.

Requirements

• Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, or 22.04
• CentOS 7
• Amazon Linux 2

Supported Target Platforms

• Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, or 22.04
• CentOS 7
• Amazon Linux 2

Installation

1. Install required dependencies:

$ apt-get install \
          binutils \
          git \
          libc6-dev \
          libcurl4 \
          libedit2 \
          libgcc-5-dev \
          libpython2.7 \
          libsqlite3-0 \
          libstdc++-5-dev \
          libxml2 \
          pkg-config \
          tzdata \
          zlib1g-dev

$ apt-get install \
          binutils \
          git \
          gnupg2 \
          libc6-dev \
          libcurl4 \
          libedit2 \
          libgcc-9-dev \
          libpython2.7 \
          libsqlite3-0 \
          libstdc++-9-dev \
          libxml2 \
          libz3-dev \
          pkg-config \
          tzdata \
          uuid-dev \
          zlib1g-dev

$ apt-get install \
          binutils \
          git \
          gnupg2 \
          libc6-dev \
          libcurl4-openssl-dev \
          libedit2 \
          libgcc-9-dev \
          libpython3.8 \
          libsqlite3-0 \
          libstdc++-9-dev \
          libxml2-dev \
          libz3-dev \
          pkg-config \
          tzdata \
          unzip \
          zlib1g-dev

$ yum install \
      binutils \
      gcc \
      git \
      glibc-static \
      libbsd-devel \
      libedit \
      libedit-devel \
      libicu-devel \
      libstdc++-static \
      pkg-config \
      python2 \
      sqlite

      # __block conflicts with clang's __block qualifier
      sed -i -e 's/\*__block/\*__libc_block/g' /usr/include/unistd.h

$ yum install \
      binutils \
      gcc \
      git \
      glibc-static \
      gzip \
      libbsd \
      libcurl \
      libedit \
      libicu \
      libsqlite \
      libstdc++-static \
      libuuid \
      libxml2 \
      tar \
      tzdata

1. Download the latest binary release above.

   The swift-<VERSION>-<PLATFORM>.tar.gz file is the toolchain itself. The .sig file is the digital signature.

2. If you are downloading Swift packages for the first time, import the PGP keys into your keyring:

   $ gpg --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com \
         --recv-keys \
         '7463 A81A 4B2E EA1B 551F  FBCF D441 C977 412B 37AD' \
         '1BE1 E29A 084C B305 F397  D62A 9F59 7F4D 21A5 6D5F' \
         'A3BA FD35 56A5 9079 C068  94BD 63BC 1CFE 91D3 06C6' \
         '5E4D F843 FB06 5D7F 7E24  FBA2 EF54 30F0 71E1 B235' \
         '8513 444E 2DA3 6B7C 1659  AF4D 7638 F1FB 2B2B 08C4' \
         'A62A E125 BBBF BB96 A6E0  42EC 925C C1CC ED3D 1561' \
         '8A74 9566 2C3C D4AE 18D9  5637 FAF6 989E 1BC1 6FEA' \
         'E813 C892 820A 6FA1 3755  B268 F167 DF1A CF9C E069'
   

   or:

   $ wget -q -O - https://swift.org/keys/all-keys.asc | \
     gpg --import -
   

   Skip this step if you have imported the keys in the past.

3. Verify the PGP signature.

   The .tar.gz archives for Linux are signed using GnuPG with one of the keys of the Swift open source project. Everyone is strongly encouraged to verify the signatures before using the software.

   First, refresh the keys to download new key revocation certificates, if any are available:

   $ gpg --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com --refresh-keys Swift
   

   Then, use the signature file to verify that the archive is intact:

   $ gpg --verify swift-<VERSION>-<PLATFORM>.tar.gz.sig
   ...
   gpg: Good signature from "Swift Automatic Signing Key #4 <swift-infrastructure@forums.swift.org>"
   

   If gpg fails to verify because you don’t have the public key (gpg: Can't check signature: No public key), please follow the instructions in Active Signing Keys below to import the keys into your keyring.

   You might see a warning:

   gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
   gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
   

   This warning means that there is no path in the Web of Trust between this key and you. The warning is harmless as long as you have followed the steps above to retrieve the key from a trusted source.

   If gpg fails to verify and reports “BAD signature”, do not use the downloaded toolchain. Instead, please email swift-infrastructure@forums.swift.org with as much detail as possible, so that we can investigate the problem.

4. Extract the archive with the following command:

   $ tar xzf swift-<VERSION>-<PLATFORM>.tar.gz
   

   This creates a usr/ directory in the location of the archive.

5. Add the Swift toolchain to your path as follows:

   $ export PATH=/path/to/usr/bin:"${PATH}"
   

   You can now execute the swift command to run the REPL or build Swift projects.

Active Signing Keys

The Swift project uses one set of keys for snapshot builds, and separate keys for every official release. We are using 4096-bit RSA keys.

The following keys are being used to sign toolchain packages:

• Swift Automatic Signing Key #4 <swift-infrastructure@forums.swift.org>

  Download

  https://swift.org/keys/automatic-signing-key-4.asc

  Fingerprint

  E813 C892 820A 6FA1 3755 B268 F167 DF1A CF9C E069

  Long ID

  F167DF1ACF9CE069

  To import the key, run:

  $ gpg --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com \
        --recv-keys \
        'E813 C892 820A 6FA1 3755  B268 F167 DF1A CF9C E069'
  

  Or:

  $ wget -q -O - https://swift.org/keys/automatic-signing-key-4.asc | \
    gpg --import -
  

• Swift 2.2 Release Signing Key <swift-infrastructure@swift.org>

  Download

  https://swift.org/keys/release-key-swift-2.2.asc

  Fingerprint

  1BE1 E29A 084C B305 F397 D62A 9F59 7F4D 21A5 6D5F

  Long ID

  9F597F4D21A56D5F

  To import the key, run:

  $ gpg --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com \
        --recv-keys \
        '1BE1 E29A 084C B305 F397  D62A 9F59 7F4D 21A5 6D5F'
  

  Or:

  $ wget -q -O - https://swift.org/keys/release-key-swift-2.2.asc | \
    gpg --import -
  

• Swift 3.x Release Signing Key <swift-infrastructure@swift.org>

  Download

  https://swift.org/keys/release-key-swift-3.x.asc

  Fingerprint

  A3BA FD35 56A5 9079 C068 94BD 63BC 1CFE 91D3 06C6

  Long ID

  63BC1CFE91D306C6

  To import the key, run:

  $ gpg --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com \
        --recv-keys \
        'A3BA FD35 56A5 9079 C068  94BD 63BC 1CFE 91D3 06C6'
  

  Or:

  $ wget -q -O - https://swift.org/keys/release-key-swift-3.x.asc | \
    gpg --import -
  

• Swift 4.x Release Signing Key <swift-infrastructure@swift.org>

  Download

  https://swift.org/keys/release-key-swift-4.x.asc

  Fingerprint

  5E4D F843 FB06 5D7F 7E24 FBA2 EF54 30F0 71E1 B235

  Long ID

  EF5430F071E1B235

  To import the key, run:

  $ gpg --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com \
        --recv-keys \
        '5E4D F843 FB06 5D7F 7E24  FBA2 EF54 30F0 71E1 B235'
  

  Or:

  $ wget -q -O - https://swift.org/keys/release-key-swift-4.x.asc | \
    gpg --import -
  

• Swift 5.x Release Signing Key <swift-infrastructure@swift.org>

  Download

  https://swift.org/keys/release-key-swift-5.x.asc

  Fingerprint

  A62A E125 BBBF BB96 A6E0 42EC 925C C1CC ED3D 1561

  Long ID

  925CC1CCED3D1561

  To import the key, run:

  $ gpg --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com \
        --recv-keys \
        'A62A E125 BBBF BB96 A6E0  42EC 925C C1CC ED3D 1561'
  

  Or:

  $ wget -q -O - https://swift.org/keys/release-key-swift-5.x.asc | \
    gpg --import -
  

Expired Signing Keys

• Swift Automatic Signing Key #3 <swift-infrastructure@swift.org>

  Download

  https://swift.org/keys/automatic-signing-key-3.asc

  Fingerprint

  8A74 9566 2C3C D4AE 18D9 5637 FAF6 989E 1BC1 6FEA

  Long ID

  FAF6989E1BC16FEA

  To import the key, run:

  $ gpg --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com \
        --recv-keys \
        '8A74 9566 2C3C D4AE 18D9  5637 FAF6 989E 1BC1 6FEA'
  

  Or:

  $ wget -q -O - https://swift.org/keys/automatic-signing-key-3.asc | \
    gpg --import -
  

• Swift Automatic Signing Key #2 <swift-infrastructure@swift.org>

  Download

  https://swift.org/keys/automatic-signing-key-2.asc

  Fingerprint

  8513 444E 2DA3 6B7C 1659 AF4D 7638 F1FB 2B2B 08C4

  Long ID

  7638F1FB2B2B08C4

  To import the key, run:

  $ gpg --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com \
        --recv-keys \
        '8513 444E 2DA3 6B7C 1659  AF4D 7638 F1FB 2B2B 08C4'
  

  Or:

  $ wget -q -O - https://swift.org/keys/automatic-signing-key-2.asc | \
    gpg --import -
  

• Swift Automatic Signing Key #1 <swift-infrastructure@swift.org>

  Download

  https://swift.org/keys/automatic-signing-key-1.asc

  Fingerprint

  7463 A81A 4B2E EA1B 551F FBCF D441 C977 412B 37AD

  Long ID

  D441C977412B37AD

  To import the key, run:

  $ gpg --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com \
        --recv-keys \
        '7463 A81A 4B2E EA1B 551F  FBCF D441 C977 412B 37AD'
  

  Or:

  $ wget -q -O - https://swift.org/keys/automatic-signing-key-1.asc | \
    gpg --import -
  

Windows

Dependencies

Swift has the following general dependencies:

• Git (used by Swift Package Manager)

• Python¹ (used by the debugger - lldb)

Windows has the following additional platform specific dependencies:

• Windows SDK (provides the Windows headers and import libraries)

• Visual Studio (provides the Visual C++ SDK/Build Tools for additional headers)

Installation Instructions

Install using the Windows Package Manager

The Windows Package Manager can be found in the App Store or be installed directly.

Install using Scoop

# Optional: Needed to run a remote script the first time
Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser
# Command for installing scoop
Invoke-RestMethod -Url 'get.scoop.sh' | Invoke-Expression

1. Install required dependencies:

   The platform dependencies cannot be installed through the Windows Package Manager as the install rules do not install the components necessary. They will be installed through Visual Studio installer.

   With Winget (Windows Package Manager):

   winget install Git.Git
   winget install Python.Python.3.10
   
   curl -sOL https://aka.ms/vs/16/release/vs_community.exe
   start /w vs_community.exe --passive --wait --norestart --nocache ^
     --installPath "%ProgramFiles(x86)%\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community" ^
     --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Windows10SDK.19041 ^
     --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.x86.x64
   del /q vs_community.exe
   

   With Scoop:

   # Scoop already comes pre-installed with Git, so no need to re-install it.
   scoop bucket add versions
   scoop install python310
   
   curl -sOL https://aka.ms/vs/16/release/vs_community.exe
   start /w vs_community.exe --passive --wait --norestart --nocache ^
     --installPath "%ProgramFiles(x86)%\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community" ^
     --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Windows10SDK.19041 ^
     --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.x86.x64
   del /q vs_community.exe
   

   Start up a new Command Prompt/Powershell Prompt and install the Python library six.

   pip install six
   

2. Install Swift:

   Swift can be installed through the official installer directly, using the Windows Package Manager, or using Scoop as well. Notice that Windows Package Manager release may be behind the official release, Scoop won’t have this issue.

   • Using the official installer:
     1. Download the latest package release.
     2. Run the package installer.
   • Using the Windows Package Manager:

     winget install Swift.Toolchain
     

   • Using Scoop:

     scoop install swift
     

A Swift toolchain will be installed at %SystemDrive%\Library\Developer\Toolchains\unknown-Asserts-development.xctoolchain. A compatible Swift SDK will be installed at %SystemDrive%\Library\Developer\Platforms\Windows.platform\Developer\SDKs\Windows.sdk.

Traditional Installation

NOTE: The traditional installation process is required for Swift older than 5.4.2.

Swift has been tested with Visual Studio 2019. You will need to install Visual Studio with the following components. The installer for Swift is available in the Download section. The toolchain on Windows is installed to %SystemDrive%\Library\Developer\Toolchains.

The following Visual Studio components are required:

The following additional Visual Studio components are recommended:

The following additional Visual Studio component is suggested:

Support Files

NOTE: This is only required for versions older than 5.4.2

You must use the x64 Native Tools for VS2019 Command Prompt to run the following steps. The x64 Native Tools for VS2019 Command Prompt runs the DevEnv script from Visual Studio that sets up the necessary environment variables to find the system headers.

In order to make the Windows SDK accessible to Swift, it is necessary to deploy a few files into the Windows SDK. The following will modify your Visual Studio Installation, and as such will require to be run from an (elevated) “Administrator” x86 Native Tools for VS2019 Command Prompt.

copy /Y %SDKROOT%\usr\share\ucrt.modulemap "%UniversalCRTSdkDir%\Include\%UCRTVersion%\ucrt\module.modulemap"
copy /Y %SDKROOT%\usr\share\visualc.modulemap "%VCToolsInstallDir%\include\module.modulemap"
copy /Y %SDKROOT%\usr\share\visualc.apinotes "%VCToolsInstallDir%\include\visualc.apinotes"
copy /Y %SDKROOT%\usr\share\winsdk.modulemap "%UniversalCRTSdkDir%\Include\%UCRTVersion%\um\module.modulemap"

Because it is installing the files into the Visual Studio image, the files will need to be copied each time Visual Studio is updated.

Repairing after Visual Studio Updates

If Visual Studio is updated, you may have to repair the installation. See Microsoft’s instructions for repairing installed programs.

Code Signing on Windows

1. Install GPG from GnuPG.org

2. If you are downloading Swift packages for the first time, import the PGP keys into your keyring:

   $ gpg.exe --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com `
         --receive-keys `
         'A62A E125 BBBF BB96 A6E0  42EC 925C C1CC ED3D 1561' `
         '8A74 9566 2C3C D4AE 18D9  5637 FAF6 989E 1BC1 6FEA'
   

   or:

   $ wget https://swift.org/keys/all-keys.asc -UseBasicParsing | `
   Select-Object -Expand Content | gpg.exe --import -
   

   Skip this step if you have imported the keys in the past.

3. Verify the PGP signature.

   The .exe installer for Windows are signed using GnuPG with one of the keys of the Swift open source project. Everyone is strongly encouraged to verify the signatures before using the software.

   First, refresh the keys to download new key revocation certificates, if any are available:

   $ gpg.exe --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com --refresh-keys Swift
   

   Then, use the signature file to verify that the archive is intact:

   $ gpg.exe --verify swift-<VERSION>-<PLATFORM>.exe.sig
   ...
   gpg: Good signature from "Swift Automatic Signing Key #3 <swift-infrastructure@swift.org>"
   

   If gpg fails to verify because you don’t have the public key (gpg: Can't check signature: No public key), please follow the instructions in Active Signing Keys below to import the keys into your keyring.

   You might see a warning:

   gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
   gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
   

   This warning means that there is no path in the Web of Trust between this key and you. The warning is harmless as long as you have followed the steps above to retrieve the key from a trusted source.

   If gpg fails to verify and reports “BAD signature”, do not use the downloaded toolchain. Instead, please email swift-infrastructure@forums.swift.org with as much detail as possible, so that we can investigate the problem.

Active Signing Keys

The Swift project uses one set of keys for snapshot builds, and separate keys for every official release. We are using 4096-bit RSA keys.

The following keys are being used to sign toolchain packages:

• Swift Automatic Signing Key #3 <swift-infrastructure@swift.org>

  Download

  https://swift.org/keys/automatic-signing-key-4.asc

  Fingerprint

  8A74 9566 2C3C D4AE 18D9 5637 FAF6 989E 1BC1 6FEA

  Long ID

  FAF6989E1BC16FEA

  To import the key, run:

  $ gpg.exe --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com `
        --receive-keys `
        '8A74 9566 2C3C D4AE 18D9  5637 FAF6 989E 1BC1 6FEA'
  

  Or:

  $ wget https://swift.org/keys/automatic-signing-key-4.asc -UseBasicParsing | `
   Select-Object -Expand Content | gpg.exe --import -
  

• Swift 5.x Release Signing Key <swift-infrastructure@swift.org>

  Download

  https://swift.org/keys/release-key-swift-5.x.asc

  Fingerprint

  A62A E125 BBBF BB96 A6E0 42EC 925C C1CC ED3D 1561

  Long ID

  925CC1CCED3D1561

  To import the key, run:

  $ gpg.exe --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com `
        --receive-keys `
        'A62A E125 BBBF BB96 A6E0  42EC 925C C1CC ED3D 1561'
  

  Or:

  $ wget https://swift.org/keys/release-key-swift-5.x.asc -UseBasicParsing | `
   Select-Object -Expand Content | gpg.exe --import -
  

Docker

Swift official Docker images are hosted on hub.docker.com/_/swift.

Swift Dockerfiles are located on swift-docker repository.

Supported Platforms

• Ubuntu 18.04
• Ubuntu 20.04
• CentOS 7
• Amazon Linux 2

Using Docker Images

1. Pull the Docker image from Docker hub:

   docker pull swift
   

2. Create a container using tag latest and attach it to the container:

   docker run --privileged --interactive --tty \
   --name swift-latest swift:latest /bin/bash
   

3. Start container swift-latest:

   docker start swift-latest
   

4. Attach to swift-latest container:

   docker attach swift-latest